Alec,
Welcome! I agree, you do seem confused. Keep your wallet in your pocket until that confusion is all cleared up, OK?
You could learn a lot from reading this forum (Camcorders). The posts go back at least a year and there is tons of info there. Also, get current and back issues of Videomaker magazine and perhaps Computer & Camcorder magazine as well. Both always have camcorder reviews and even if they're not reviewing the type of camera your interested in, you'll learn a lot from reading them.
CCDs are the devices that capture the light and resolve the images to your media, whether that media is DVD, memory stick or miniDV tape. I think nearly everyone of us here would recommend the miniDV tape for those who wish to edit their videos.
Three CCDs are better than a single CCD and the larger the CCDs, the better. You're going to have a tough time getting a 3-chip (3-CCD) camera in your price range. Also, have you thought about other items you may want? You'll want to make sure that your camera has a jack for an external microphone, if you want decent audio. That, of course, means you'll need money for a microphone (which will require another week or more in researching products).
Also, will you need lighting, whether on or off-camera? What editing software will you want to use? Will your computer need upgrading?
You may have heard that a boat is a hole in the water into which one throws money? Well, videography is a powerful vacuum that sucks money in endless torrents!