"... Funny thing is I only understood half of what you told me (if that)...."
Michael,
HA! I can appreciate a person who can admit their limitations. Thanks for reminding me about the 'Technospeak Overload'.
In a nutshell;
Codecs are sofware 'devices' that assist you in controlling the level of information compression for video and audio clips. There are many out there but the most commonly used ones are Windows AVI, Windows Media, Quick Time and Flash Media. VM Magazine currently has an article out on that subject so check it out.
External Hard Drive Inputs and Connectors are the means by which you will connect an External Hard Drive to your Desktop or Laptop Computer. When you are looking for an external drive intended for shipment to a client, you have to confirm which type of inputs they have available and prefer to use. The best inputs currently available on external drives are; eSATA, Firewire 800 or 400 and USB 2.0 in that order. Also make sure your system has similar inputs so you can upload the footage to the drive quickly as possible.
External Hard Drive Docks are convenient devices that allow you to skip using an Enclosed External Hard Drive and use Internal Drives like those you have in your computer. The only drawback to this method is your client must have a dock or have an enclosure of their own or be prepared to install the drive in order to access the data. The good news is docks are really inexpensive. The semi-bad news is in order to take full advantage of their capabilities the computer you hook up to it should have eSATA capability either built in or via an installed eSATA controller card. Otherwise you'll have to use USB 2.0 which is slooooooooooooooooow when it comes to downloading video footage. If you have uncompressed HD footage, the 'Glacier Races' will be over before you're done downloading!
FAT32 and NTFS are the file formatting systems used by both Macintosh and Windows based computers. FAT32 is used exclusively by mac's while NTFS is used exclusively by windows based systems since full implementation of the Win XP Operating System. Windows systems can read and write to FAT32 drives and I hear tell that mac systems can read but not write to NTFS formatted drives. To make both yours and your client's lives easier, ask them prior to getting the drive what computer system they are using and what file system they want the drive formatted in.
Unfortunately, today's shooters better have a reasonable background in computers if they want to keep working!